Giant cell tumor of bone is a common, aggressive non-cancerous tumor. It usually develops near large joint at the end of long bones around the knee and the wrist. It is seen in young adults after completion of skeletal bone growth. It predominantly occurring in age 20 to 40, with slightly more common in females.
These tumors have a wide range of behavior and a high rate of tumor recurrence (20 to 50%). Although giant cell tumor of bone is non-cancerous, it can destroy the surrounding bone, manifesting with progressive pain, swelling, stiffness of the involved joint, and sometimes pathologic fracture.
The treatment is almost always surgical involves meticulously removing the tumor from the bone (intralesional curettage) and preventing damage to the adjacent joint. This will ensure good local tumor control and preserving the limb function.